Meteorological Characteristics as Factors Influencing Sea Level Fluctuations and Changes in the Coastal Zone Ecosystem of the Kazakh Sector of the Caspian Sea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32523/c8d6nx78Keywords:
meteorological characteristics, coastal zone, climate trends, water balance, level fluctuations, long-term observations, climatic periods, hydrometeorological regime, background sea level fluctuations, ecosystemAbstract
The article analyzes long-term changes in air temperature and precipitation in the coastal zone of the Kazakh sector of the Caspian Sea. Particular attention is given to the assessment of the impact of climatic factor variability on fluctuations in the Caspian Sea level, which over the past several decades have had a negative effect on the condition of coastal zone ecosystems.
In this study, an analysis of the phases of sea level rise and fall was conducted, comparing them with corresponding time periods of meteorological parameters such as air temperature and precipitation. This method of analysis allows for the determination of relationships between the hydrological regime of the sea and regional climatic factors, as well as the assessment of the impact of long-term fluctuations in air temperature and precipitation dynamics on water level dynamics. Key factors determining the climatic characteristics of the region are identified, and their influence on the ecology and economic use of the coastal zone is discussed. The study shows that since the mid-20th century, a trend of increasing annual average air temperature has developed in the coastal zone of the Kazakhstan sector of the Caspian Sea, accompanied by a decrease in precipitation at most of the observation points studied. A connection has been established between changes in the temperature regime, precipitation patterns, and long-term fluctuations in the Caspian Sea level. It is noted that the current phase of sea level decline is occurring under conditions of accelerated climate warming. The results emphasize the importance of taking regional climatic characteristics into account when forecasting further changes in the Caspian Sea level and developing adaptation measures.
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